串联式轴向柱塞泵作为工程机械液压作动系统的核心动力源,其输出性能的好坏直接决定整机的操控性能。提出了通过转位角错配的方法来抑制双泵在合流时产生的流量脉动与压力冲击。首先,通过对双泵柱塞孔的几何分布构型分析,划分了7组大小不同的转位角;然后,利用CFD技术,对不同转位角构型的双泵模型进行流场仿真,对比流量-压力特性,得出当串联泵两套转子系统的结构、类型均一致,且柱塞数目为9个时的最佳转位角为20°;最后,对比了带有最佳转位角构型与原始的零错配构型在不同工况下的输出特性,验证优化效果。研究结果表明:串联式柱塞泵在设置最佳转位角构型后,通过运用双泵输出流量之间存在的固定相位差,实现了合流流量的“错峰”叠加效应,并能够满足任何工况条件下的合流脉动性能均优于无转位角构型,抑制脉动冲击效果显著。

The structure and working principle of a two-cylinder four-stroke single-piston hydraulic free piston engine(HFPE) were introduced. The basic vibration equation of free piston assembly(FPA) was established based upon the energy conversion between the injected fuel and the friction together with the load. Both the theoretical and numerical results show that the vibration system of FPA is a nonlinear conservative autonomous system in one cycle. The FPA vibration is symmetric with constant amplitude when FPA is only driven by the compression pressure in the compression accumulator and that in the combustion chamber. When considering the friction and load, FPA could still achieve a stable vibration after a few cycles' adjustment whether the input energy is equal to the consumed energy or not. The vibration characteristics are different when FPA vibrates in the compression stroke and the expansion stroke, which is the unique feature of the single-piston HFPE.